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You searched in Glossary Terms for [A]. We found 44 matching entries.
Abaca:
a banana-like plant (Musa textilis) native to the Philippines which has broad leaves with long stalks. The fibres obtained from the stalks are used to make cordage, fabric, and paper. (Also called manila and manila hemp.)
Last referenced in:
Prospects for the Textile and Garment Industry in the Philippines
Abrasion resistance:
the ability of the geotextile surface to resist wear by friction.
Last referenced in:
Global apparel markets: business update, 4th quarter 2013
ABS:
acrylonitrile butadiene styrene—a range of tough copolymers used for making moulded products.
Last referenced in:
Profile of Elmarco: A Pioneer in Machines for Making Nanofibres
Absorbency:
the ability of a textile material to absorb and retain liquids within its structure.
Absorbency under load:
the weight of fluid in grams that can be absorbed by 1 gram of fibre, yarn or fabric which has been subject to a pressure of 0.25 lb/in2 before wetting.
Last referenced in:
Editorial: Dornbirn 2012 -- A Showcase for New Cellulosic Fibres
Acetate:
a type of fibre chemically derived from cellulose.
Last referenced in:
Editorial: Dornbirn 2012 -- A Showcase for New Cellulosic Fibres
Acquisition layer:
an absorbent layer close to the coverstock in a nonwoven hygiene product (such as a diaper) through which fluid enters. Typically, the fluid is then transmitted to a distribution layer.
Last referenced in:
The world nonwovens industry: the leading ten producers, part 1 of 3, 2013-14
Acrylonitrile:
the main raw material used for making acrylic fibres.
Last referenced in:
Editorial: innovations in composites for technical textiles
Additive manufacturing:
refers to technologies which build 3D objects by adding layer upon layer of material.
Adhesive bonding:
see chemical bonding.
Last referenced in:
Global technical textiles business update, 1st quarter 2014
Adsorbency:
the retention of films of liquid on the surface of a textile material.
Last referenced in:
Innovations in fibres, textiles, apparel and machinery, November-December 2002
AGOA:
African Growth and Opportunity Act. The act, implemented in October 2000, provides for duty-free and quota-free access to the US market for apparel made in Sub-Saharan Africa. To qualify for AGOA benefits, apparel must be made in an eligible Sub-Saharan African country and, normally, be produced from materials formed within the region or in the USA. For a limited period, however, the third-country fabric provision permits apparel makers in lesser developed Sub-Saharan African countries to source materials globally without losing AGOA benefits.
Last referenced in:
Global apparel markets: business update, 1st quarter 2014
Air laying:
a method in which fibres are first dispersed into an air stream, and then condensed from the air stream on to a permeable cage or conveyor to form a web or batt of staple fibres.
Air permeability:
the volume of air passing through a fabric under pressure.
Last referenced in:
Global apparel markets: product developments and innovations, 1st quarter 2013
Air texturing:
a process in which yarns are over-fed through a turbulent air stream so that entangled loops are formed in the filaments.
Air-laid:
a web or batt of staple fibres formed using the air laying process.
Last referenced in:
The world nonwovens industry: 20 medium sized producers, part 2 of 3, 2013-14
Air-textured yarn:
a multi-filament yarn which has been given increased bulk through the formation of loops, achieved by passing the yarn through air jets.
Last referenced in:
The world nonwovens industry: 20 medium sized producers, part 2 of 3, 2013-14
Air-through bonding:
a process in which a web containing fibres with a low melting point is bonded in a carefully controlled hot air stream.
Ajouré:
an embroidery technique which creates open areas, often in figured patterns and usually on a woven fabric.
Last referenced in:
Survey of the European Fabric Fairs for Spring/Summer 2010
Aloe:
a plant whose extract is believed to have a beneficial effect on skin.
Last referenced in:
Product developments and innovations in the home textiles market, April 2014
Alpaca:
fibre from the fleece of the alpaca or lama.
Last referenced in:
Survey of the European yarn fairs for spring/summer 2015
Anechoic:
having a low degree of reverberation of sound.
Angora:
the hair of the angora rabbit.
Last referenced in:
Survey of the European Fabric Fairs for Autumn/Winter 2014/15
Anisotropic:
a material which has different physical properties in different directions.
Anti-bacterial, anti-microbial, anti-fungal:
properties given to textile materials using additives to eliminate or prevent the growth of bacteria and fungi. Usually, the additives remain after initial washing but may be washed out over a period of time. Certain synthetic fibres have such agents perm
Anti-dumping duty:
an extra duty imposed on an imported product by an importing country (or group of countries, as in the case of the EU) to compensate for the dumping of goods by a foreign supplier.
Last referenced in:
Trends in US textile and clothing imports, April 2014
Anti-static:
a property given to a textile material usually by adding small quantities of conducting fibres, such as those with a metallic coating, in order to reduce or eliminate static charge. Textile materials which are able to absorb only small quantities of water
Last referenced in:
Indoor sportswear and fitness apparel
Antibacterial:
resistance against bacteria.
Last referenced in:
The world nonwovens industry: 20 medium sized producers, part 2 of 3, 2013-14
AOX:
adsorbable organic halogens.
Last referenced in:
World Markets for Textile Machinery: Part 4--Dyeing and Finishing
APEO:
alkylphenolethoxilate.
Last referenced in:
Waterproof breathable fabrics: demand for comfort is driving innovation
Apparent opening size (geotextiles):
a property of geotextiles which indicates the approximate diameter of the largest particle which would effectively pass through the geotextile.
Appliqué:
a pattern constructed by applying one fabric on top of another.
Last referenced in:
New Technologies and Techniques for Garment Decoration
Aramid:
the generic name for a special group of synthetic fibres (aromatic polyamide) having high strength; examples are "Kevlar" and "Twaron".
Last referenced in:
Statistics: fibre consumption for technical textiles in Japan, 1st quarter 2014
Areal weight:
a term commonly used in the nonwovens and composites industries to denote the mass per unit area of a single ply of dry reinforcement fabric.
Last referenced in:
Editorial: innovations in composites for technical textiles
Arran:
a traditional style of fishermen's cable-knit sweaters.
Last referenced in:
Survey of the European Yarn Fairs for Autumn/Winter 2013/14
Art silk:
artificial silk, usually made from cellulosic fibres such as viscose rayon.
Last referenced in:
Prospects for the Textile and Clothing Industry in India
Article XIX:
an article describing a measure available to a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO) which enables it to protect its market from import surges (see also product-specific safeguard, safeguard, textile safeguard).
Artificial fibres:
see cellulosic fibres.
Last referenced in:
Product developments and innovations in the home textiles market, April 2014
Asean:
Association of South East Asian Nations-Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam.
Last referenced in:
Global trends in fibre prices, production and consumption
Asphalt retention (geotextiles):
a measure of the amount of asphalt cement that can be held within the pores
of a paving geotextile.
Last referenced in:
Markets for geosynthetic products and profiles of five leading manufacturers
Astrakhan:
a thick woven or knitted cloth with a surface of loops or curls which imitates the coat of an Astrakhan lamb.
Last referenced in:
Survey of the European Fabric Fairs for Autumn/Winter 2014/15
Atactic:
a type of polymer molecule in which groups of atoms are arranged randomly above and below the backbone chain of atoms, when the latter are arranged all in one plane.
ATC:
Agreement on Textiles and Clothing, which embodied the results of the negotiations on textiles and clothing conducted under the Uruguay Round of multilateral trade talks. The ATC provided for the phasing out of MFA quotas between January 1995 and December 2004.
Last referenced in:
Prospects for the textile and clothing industry in China
Avatar:
a three-dimensional digital representation of a person or object. Avatars are most commonly used in designing computer games, particularly action or sports games, whereby an individual character's movements are recorded using a system of ultraviolet light (UV) screens, UV cameras and UV receptors. The latter are placed on key parts of the body, and movement is picked up and recorded by the UV cameras.