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You searched in Glossary Terms for [B]. We found 55 matching entries.
Ballotini:
small glass beads which are normally used in reflective paints but which can also be incorporated into fabrics.
Bandana:
handkerchief designs in simple colour and white stylised patterns, including spots and paisley.
Barathea:
a soft fabric with a lightly pebbled or ribbed surface which is constructed in a twilled hopsack or broken rib weave and is generally made from worsted wool--although it could be made from silk or other fibres. A worsted Barathea is often used to make evening jackets and dress coats.
Barrier (geotextiles):
a material which prevents fluid movement across the plane of a geotextile. A nonwoven geotextile saturated with an impermeable substance (eg bentonite clay) can act as a barrier material.
Basket weave:
a textile weave consisting of double threads interlaced to produce a checkered pattern similar to that of a woven basket.
Bast fibre:
fibre obtained from the stems of certain types of plant.
Last referenced in:
Prospects for the textile and clothing industry in the Philippines
Batik:
a traditional dyeing process in which portions of cloth are coated with wax and therefore resist the dye, enabling distinctive patterns to be created. Batik fabrics are characterised by a streaky or mottled appearance.
Last referenced in:
Prospects for the textile and clothing industry in Indonesia, April 2012
Batt:
single or multiple sheets of fibre used in the production of nonwoven fabric.
Last referenced in:
Performance apparel markets: developments in military clothing, 3rd quarter 2008
Bayadère:
a fabric or design with horizontal plain or patterned stripes.
BCF:
(bulked continuous filament) textured yarn used mainly in the construction of carpets or upholstery.
Last referenced in:
Global technical textiles business update, 1st quarter 2013
Bedford cord:
a fabric constructed in such a way as to show rounded cords in the warp direction with pronounced sunken lines between them.
Last referenced in:
Survey of the European Fabric Fairs for Autumn/Winter 2014/15
Belt-edge separation (tyres):
separation of the plies of reinforcing fabric from the rubber matrix of a tyre, at the edge of the belt of reinforcement.
Bi-component fibres:
fibres spun from two different polymers. The most common types are made
from polymers which have different melting points and are used for thermal
bonding. Another variant is produced from polymers which have differing solubilities. In this case one polymer may later be dissolved out to leave ultra-fine filaments. An example is the production of suede-like fabrics. This process is also used to create crimping, in order to provide bulk or stretch.
Last referenced in:
Stretch fibres and fabrics: reaching new levels of comfort
Bi-shrinkage yarn:
a yarn containing two different types of filament, which have different shrinkages.
Last referenced in:
Profiles of 18 Textile and Apparel Companies in Indonesia
Bias:
the direction diagonally across a piece of fabric at 45º to the warp and weft.
Bias belted tyres:
tyres reinforced by layers of tyre cord fabric arranged alternately so that the main load bearing yarns lie at an angle of less than 90° to the plane in which the tyre rotates and yarns of adjacent layers cross each other.
Bicomponent fabric:
a fabric with two layers.
Last referenced in:
Product developments and innovations in the home textiles market, April 2014
Bicomponent fibre, bicomponent yarn:
a fibre or yarn which has two different types of continuous filament components. The two components may, for example, be different polymers which shrink differently. (See also multicompartment fibres and yarns and multicomponent fibres and yarns.)
Last referenced in:
Stretch fibres and fabrics: reaching new levels of comfort
Bicomponent fibres and yarns:
a yarn having two different continuous filament components (see also multicompartment fibres and yarns and multicomponent fibres and yarns).
Last referenced in:
Stretch fibres and fabrics: reaching new levels of comfort
Bicomponent yarn:
a yarn having two different continuous filament components.
Last referenced in:
Fast track: trends in performance apparel at ISPO Munich 2014
Bilaminate (fabric):
a fabric formed by bonding two separate fabrics together.
Binder:
an adhesive material used to hold fibres together in a nonwoven structure.
Binder (composite):
a resinous adhesive which secures random fibres in chopped strand mat or continuous strand roving.
Binder (nonwoven):
an adhesive material used to hold fibres together in a nonwoven structure.
Bio-feedback:
the measurement of a subject's quantifiable bodily functions such as blood pressure, heart rate, skin temperature, sweat gland activity and muscle tension and the conveyance of those measurements to the subject in real time to raise his awareness.
Biocompatibility:
compatibility with living tissue or a living system by not being toxic or injurious.
Last referenced in:
Developments in medical textiles, 3rd quarter 2013
Biopolishing:
a finishing process which uses cellulase enzymes to remove fibre fuzz and pills from the fabric surface.
Biostatic materials:
materials which inhibit the passage of biologically active compounds.
Birdseye:
a fabric woven to produce a pattern of very small, uniform spots.
Last referenced in:
Survey of the European Fabric Fairs for Autumn/Winter 2011/12
Birefringence:
difference between the refractive index of a fibre measured parallel to the fibre axis and that measured perpendicular to the fibre axis. Birefringence is frequently used as a measure of the orientation of the macromolecules within the fibre.
Last referenced in:
Innovations in fibres, textiles, apparel and machinery, November-December 2008
Blinding (geotextiles):
a condition in which soil particles block openings on the surface of a geotextile, thereby reducing the hydraulic conductivity of the geotextile.
Blooming:
the tendency of a yarn to become fuller-looking when wetted and dried under certain conditions. In practice, the overall yarn diameter increases slightly—resulting in a "halo effect" or softer look—and the length diminishes. The effect usually results fro
BMC (composites):
bulk moulding compound.
BOD:
biological oxygen demand-a measure of pollution by oxygen-consuming organic materials in an effluent stream.
Boiling:
a process in which a yarn or garment made from staple fibre containing wool or animal hair is left in boiling water so that the original fabric construction is obscured by the felted surface.
Last referenced in:
Survey of the European Fabric Fairs for Autumn/Winter 2012/13
Bonded fabric:
a nonwoven fabric in which the fibres are held together by a bonding material. This may be an adhesive or a bonding fibre with a low melting point. Alternatively, the material may be held together by stitching.
Last referenced in:
Survey of the European Fabric Fairs for Autumn/Winter 2012/13
Boot cut:
a style of jeans which are tightly fitted around the hips and thighs of a person but become slightly wider from the knees downwards.
Bouclé:
a compound yarn comprising a twisted core with an effect-yarn wrapped around it so as to produce loops on the surface.
Last referenced in:
Survey of the European yarn fairs for spring/summer 2015
Bouclette:
a small bouclé effect.
Last referenced in:
Survey of the European Yarn Fairs for Autumn/Winter 2009/10
Bourette:
a silk noil fabric made from short fibre (silk waste) with a textured surface.
Last referenced in:
Survey of the European Yarn Fairs for Spring/Summer 2014
Bowl:
one of a pair of large rollers forming a nip.
Braided yarn:
intertwined yarn containing two or more strands.
Last referenced in:
Product developments and innovations in the home textiles market, April 2014
Breaking extension:
the percentage extension at maximum load.
Breaking strength (geotextiles):
the ultimate tensile strength of a geotextile per unit width.
Last referenced in:
Markets for geosynthetic products and profiles of five leading manufacturers
Breathability:
the ability of a fabric, coating or laminate to transfer water vapour from one of its surfaces through the material to the other surface. See also moisture vapour transmission rate (MVTR).
Last referenced in:
Product developments and innovations in the home textiles market, April 2014
Brocade:
usually a jacquard woven fabric in which the figure is developed by floating the warp threads, the weft threads, or both, and interlacing them in a more or less irregular order.
Last referenced in:
Survey of the European Fabric Fairs for Autumn/Winter 2014/15
Brocatelle:
a heavy figured cloth in which the pattern is created by warp threads in a satin weave.
Brushed fabrics:
fabrics which have undergone a brushing process to produce a napped surface. Brushed fabrics usually have a soft, slightly weathered, broken-in feel.
Last referenced in:
Survey of the European Fabric Fairs for Autumn/Winter 2014/15
Brushing:
a finishing process for woven or knitted fabrics in which brushes or other abrading elements are used to raise a nap (a fuzzy or downy surface).
Last referenced in:
Survey of the European Fabric Fairs for Autumn/Winter 2014/15
Bulk factor:
see bulk modulus.
Last referenced in:
Survey of the European Fabric Fairs for Autumn/Winter 2011/12
Bulk modulus:
ratio of the fractional change in volume to the applied stress causing it.
Bullet proof material:
a material which provides complete protection against all types of high velocity projectiles or against multiple hits in the same location from such projectiles.
Last referenced in:
Sewing needles and threads for technical textiles
Bullet resistant material:
a material which resists penetration from certain high velocity projectiles such as bullets from firearms. (See also bullet proof material.)
Bushing:
a block made from platinum alloy containing several hundred holes through which molten glass is fed at very high temperatures from a furnace, resulting in the formation of glass filaments.